For the installation instruction of MATLAB, refer to the following document.
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MATLAB
To add MATLAB to the GNOME menu,
1. Get an icon:
sudo wget http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Matlab_Logo.png -O /usr/share/icons/matlab.png
2. Get the launcher file:
sudo wget 'https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MATLAB?action=AttachFile&do=get&target=matlab-r2010a.desktop' -O /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop
3. Edit the launcher file:
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop &
The contents of the launcher file (“matlab.desktop”) should be similar to what is written below. Modify ‘Name‘, ‘Exec‘, and ‘Categories‘ fields according to your configuration. Don’t forget to put ‘-desktop‘ at the end of the ‘Exec‘. Otherwise, MATLAB will show the splash screen, but will not start.
#!/usr/bin/env xdg-open [Desktop Entry] Type=Application Icon=/usr/share/icons/matlab.png Name=MATLAB R2010b Comment=Start MATLAB - The Language of Technical Computing Exec=/usr/local/MATLAB/R2010b/bin/matlab -desktop Categories=Development;Programming;
FYI. The ‘-desktop‘ option may not be necessary when MATLAB is executed from the command line.